RGS4

 Regulator of G protein signaling 4 also known as RGP4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGS4 gene. RGP4 regulates G protein signaling.^[5]

RGS4
Identifiers
Aliases	RGS4, Rgs4, AA004315, AA597169, ESTM48, ESTM50, RGP4, SCZD9, regulator of G-protein signaling 4, regulator of G protein signaling 4
External IDs	OMIM: 602516 MGI: 108409 HomoloGene: 4100 GeneCards: RGS4
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1q23.3 Start 163,068,775 bp[1] End 163,076,802 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2] Band 1 H2.3|1 76.84 cM Start 169,741,477 bp[2] End 169,747,642 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • G-protein alpha-subunit binding • calmodulin binding • GO:0005097, GO:0005099, GO:0005100 GTPase activator activity • GTPase activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol • cell membrane • membrane • cell nucleus • macromolecular complex Biological process • inactivation of MAPK activity • GO:0032320, GO:0032321, GO:0032855, GO:0043089, GO:0032854 positive regulation of GTPase activity • negative regulation of signal transduction • negative regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway • regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • response to amphetamine • brain development • positive regulation of heart rate • response to cocaine • response to morphine • response to ethanol • regulation of calcium ion transport • negative regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development • regulation of actin filament organization • negative regulation of glycine import • regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport • negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport • dorsal root ganglion development • positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5999	19736
Ensembl	ENSG00000117152	ENSMUSG00000038530
UniProt	P49798	O08899
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001102445 NM_001113380 NM_001113381 NM_005613	NM_009062
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001095915 NP_001106851 NP_001106852 NP_005604 NP_005604.1	NP_033088
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 163.07 – 163.08 Mb	Chr 1: 169.74 – 169.75 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

FunctionEdit

Regulator of G protein signalling (RGS) family members are regulatory molecules that act as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for G alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins.^[6] RGS proteins are able to deactivate G protein subunits of the G_i alpha, G_o alpha and G_q alpha subtypes. They drive G proteins into their inactive GDP-bound forms. Regulator of G protein signaling 4 belongs to this family. All RGS proteins share a conserved 120-amino acid sequence termed the RGS domain which conveys GAP activity.^[7] Regulator of G protein signaling 4 protein is 37% identical to RGS1 and 97% identical to rat Rgs4. This protein negatively regulates signaling upstream or at the level of the heterotrimeric G protein and is localized in the cytoplasm.^[5]

Clinical significanceEdit

A number of studies associate the RGS4 gene with schizophrenia,^{[8][9][10][11]} while some fail to detect an association.^[12]

RGS4 is also of interest as one of the three main RGS proteins (along with RGS9 and RGS17) involved in terminating signalling by the mu opioid receptor,^[13] and may be important in the development of tolerance to opioid drugs.^{[14][15][16][17][18]}

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article  Metasyntactic variable, which is released under the  Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.