LGP2

 Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX58 also known as RIG-I-like receptor 3 (RLR-3) or RIG-I-like receptor LGP2 (RLR) is a RIG-I-like receptor dsRNA helicase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DHX58 gene.^[5][6] The protein encoded by the gene DHX58 is known as LGP2 (Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology 2).^[5][7][8]

DHX58
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2RQA, 2W4R, 3EQT
Identifiers
Aliases	DHX58, D11LGP2, D11lgp2e, LGP2, RLR-3, DEXH-box helicase 58
External IDs	OMIM: 608588 MGI: 1931560 HomoloGene: 69371 GeneCards: DHX58
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17q21.2 Start 42,101,404 bp[1] End 42,112,714 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11 D|11 63.52 cM Start 100,694,884 bp[2] End 100,704,271 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • DNA binding • nucleotide binding • GO:0008026 helicase activity • zinc ion binding • metal ion binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • single-stranded RNA binding • RNA binding • double-stranded RNA binding • hydrolase activity • ATP binding Cellular component • cytoplasm Biological process • negative regulation of MDA-5 signaling pathway • regulation of innate immune response • immune system process • response to virus • positive regulation of RIG-I signaling pathway • defense response to virus • negative regulation of innate immune response • negative regulation of type I interferon production • innate immune system • GO:0022415 viral process • positive regulation of MDA-5 signaling pathway • positive regulation of type I interferon production • negative regulation of RIG-I signaling pathway • response to bacterium Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	79132	80861
Ensembl	ENSG00000108771	ENSMUSG00000017830
UniProt	Q96C10	Q99J87
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_024119	NM_030150
RefSeq (protein)	NP_077024	NP_084426
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 42.1 – 42.11 Mb	Chr 11: 100.69 – 100.7 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Structure and functionEdit

LGP2 was first identified and characterized in the context of mammary tissue in 2001,^[5] but its function has been found to be more relevant to the field of innate antiviral immunity. LGP2 has been found to be essential for producing effective antiviral responses against many viruses that are recognized by RIG-I and MDA5.^[9]

Since LGP2 lacks CARD domains, its effect on downstream antiviral signaling is likely due to interaction with dsRNA viral ligand or the other RLRs (RIG-I and MDA5).^[10]

LGP2 has been shown to directly interact^[10] with RIG-I through its C-terminal repressor domain (RD). The primary contact sites in this interaction is likely between the RD of LGP2 and the CARD or helicase domain of RIG-I as it is seen with RIG-I self-association,^[10] but this has not been confirmed. The helicase activity of LGP2 has been found to be essential for its positive regulation of RIG-I signaling.^[9] Overexpression of LGP2 is able to inhibit RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling both in the presence and absence of viral ligands.^[10][11][12] This inhibition of RIG-I signaling is not dependent upon the ability of LGP2 to bind viral ligands and is therefore not due to ligand competition.^[7][13] Although LGP2 binds to dsRNA with higher affinity,^[12] it is dispensable for RIG-I-mediated recognition of synthetic dsRNA ligands.^[9] RIG-I, when overexpressed^[7] and in LGP2 knock-down studies,^[14] has been shown to induce antiviral response in the absence of viral ligand.

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article  Metasyntactic variable, which is released under the  Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.